A Critical Reading Of Allen Ginsbergs Howl English Literature Essay

A Critical Reading Of Allen Ginsbergs Howl English Literature Essay The Beat movement is a literary and social movement, which came about in the 1950s, at the end of the Second World War. The movement centred on a group of writers who isolated themselves from social conventions in a bid to gain freedom in their artistic expression and their lives. The Beat writer s incorporated various elements of jazz, religion, art, literature, and philosophy, into their works in order to create and prophesise a new vision for society. They were one of the first literary groups to focus intently on the corruption of society and move to dethatch themselves from the restrictions of traditional prose. This enabled them to become aware of the beauty of creativity and the individual and embrace freedom and spontaneity in their expression. The main writers of the Beat movement were Jack Kerouac, Allen Ginsberg, and William S. Burroughs, whom not only invented an innovative style of literature, but also encouraged people to become more aware of the social constrictions of the 1950s through their literary works. Allen Ginsberg (1926-1997) is frequently regarded as the poet laureate of the Beat movement. Howl , written in 1955, has been subject to both praise and criticism as a one of the main works that shaped the Beat generation . Howl was first performed by Ginsberg at a poetry reading event at the Six Gallery in San Francisco in October 1955. Several well-known East-coast writers attended the event, as well as Kerouac who is said to have beat a wine jug and shout Go! after each line of Ginsberg s Howl recital. Ginsberg s passionate and unreserved reading of the poem left Ginsberg and other in tears. The poem was accepted as one that broke the boundaries of tradition form and it led to Ginsberg becoming established as an important voice in the Beat movement. A year later, in October 1956, the poem was published within Howl and Other Poems by City Lights Books. It then became the focus of an obscenity trail against its publisher, Lawrence Ferlinghetti, which highlighted San Francisco as the leader of a revolution against the censorship of literary publishing in America and ensured Howl and Other Poems wide readership. Jazz was a very important to Ginsberg and Kerouac as it was the quintessence of their lifestyle in the mid-1940s and early 1950s when they used to frequent jazz clubs in Harlem to hear their favourite jazz musicians, such as Dizzy Gillespie and Charlie Parker. Ginsberg s poetic style was inspired by poets such as Whitman, Blake, and Rimbaud but also the rhythmic technique of bebop jazz. The word beat can be clearly associated with the poem Howl from a musical context due to the major influence of jazz on the Beat writers and a key element to their form of expression. During the early and mid-twentieth century, the dominated white middle class saw jazz, an African-American style of music, as unacceptable and seedy. However, the Beat writers were able to identify with the African-American community as they too were outcast from respectable society. In Howl , a bleak observation of modern American society is made by Ginsberg, through his highlighting of the hardship of those oppressed by society, such as the Negroes and the hipsters . The music of these minor communities is jazz, a music form which Ginsberg reveres, which can be seen when he refers to: the madman bum and angel beat in Time, unknown, yet putting down here what might be left to say in time come after death, and rose reincarnate in the ghostly clothes of jazz (67, 34). Jazz has also influenced Howl in relation to the rhythm and beat. In a bid to reject traditional form poetry, Ginsberg experimented with a method comparable to Kerouac s spontaneous stream of consciousness writing style, which was based on jazz. In writing Howl , Ginsberg used a poetic writing style which was intended to flow to a syncopated beat similar to jazz, enabling the lines of the poem to be read aloud at a shifting and improvisational tempo. The verses of the poem are therefore free form, comprising of long lines and a rhythm to match the natural breath. Ginsberg described his poem Howl to be, a jazz mass, I mean conception of rhythm not derives from jazz directly but if you listen to jazz you get the idea (). The social context of the word beat in relation to Howl is significant as regards our understanding of Ginsberg s message in the poem. Sometimes likened to the Lost Generation of the 1920s, the Beat generation was both a literary movement and a wider cultural frame of mind. The Beat writer s rejected the ideas of conformity and normality of their time and instead displayed openness to the experiences that were available outside of the confines of white middle class America. The Beat generation were rebelling against a dominant society which was desperately encouraging planned order as a reaction to the ending of WWII. The Beats strived for a deeply intellectual, spontaneous, chaotic, Dionysian way of life in order to break free of these social constraints. Howl is Ginsberg s social and political criticism of what he saw in the America of his time. The poem both addresses and discusses an audience of comprised of the minor social communities who suffer and fall to madness in dealing with and breaking free of the constraints opposed upon them by a post-war era of American society. Part I of the poem, depicts the desperation experienced by those who felt alienated due to mechanisation and the conformity with which they felt American post-WWII society demanded. The poem communicates a universal yearning to escape from confinement and oppression. Part II of Howl sets out to discover and label the sources of human misery and unhappiness. In utilising the character of Moloch, a Middle Eastern god to whom children were sacrificed by megalomaniac leaders, Ginsberg personifies the causes of social disharmony, which include materialism, government bureaucracy, conformity, and technology. Moloch essentially represents the facets of modern society which demand the costly sacrifice of individual freedom and artistic expression. The third section of Howl , entitled Part III , attempts to weigh the destruction and misery of the previous two sections by means of a personal homage to Carl Solomon, a friend of Ginsberg s. Although Ginsberg stands firm in his belief that certain aspects of American society are to blame for damaging the spirit of a generation, he also expresses an desire to reconcile with his country, which is clearly demonstrated in the line, we hug and kiss the United States under out bedsheets the United States that coughs all night and won t let us sleep (). In the Footnote to Howl , Ginsberg envisions a future of wholeness and integrity through the merging of both society and the individual. It is important to note that the Beat generation did not reject America, but protested against certain aspects of the society which they deemed as oppressive. In Howl , Ginsberg puts forward the idea of a different society, one which includes homosexuality, Negroes , jazz, and drugs as acceptable features of society. The word beat also has a spiritual, beatific significance to the poem Howl , along with the other works of the Beat writers. In Kerouac s article The Origins of the beat Generation , he states that [t]he word beat originally meant poor, down and out, deadbeat, on the bum, sad, sleeping in subways, a term he first heard from Herbert Huncke, but the term then became extended to include a spiritual association, a certain new gesture, or attitude, which I can only describe as a new more (Kerouac 61-62). The poem Howl not only protests against the crippling effect of the social conformity on soul s of the nation, but it is also a tribute to the sanctity of everything regarding the human body and psyche. This spiritual aspect to the beat is present in the previous three parts of the poem. In Howl , Ginsberg describes the best minds (including Carl Solomon and Neal Cassady) as angelheaded hipsters, and therefore providing these societal minorities with a sacredness which is set part from what the dominant society would consider as sacred or holy. In the first two lines of the Footnote to Howl , the word holy is used fifteen times in quick succession, much like a religious chant. Ginsberg uses this device to disrupt the audience from their environment, making them open to understanding the new environment of holiness which he proposes. Ginsberg then begins to identify what he sees as sacred, The skin is holy! The nose is holy! The/tongue and cock and hand and asshole holy! (Howl ). He continues to list jazz as one of these holy things, along with sacred cities such as New York, San Francisco, Paris, Seattle, and Tangiers, which serve as locations that permit the madness of the best minds to create and exist freely. The poem ends on a note of salvation for the human souls which have suffered due to societal oppression and conformity. Ginsberg prophesises that it is through their suffering and intelligent kindness of the soul (Howl 33) that they are made truly holy: Holy forgiveness! Mercy! Charity! Faith! Holy! Ours! Bodies! Suffering! Mag-/nanimity! (Howl 31-32). In conclusion, this examination of Howl and its relationship with the beat , in musical, social, and beatific terms, highlights the poem s ultimate importance to the history of American literature and society. The Beat writers proposed a society, a world, which harboured a new attitude. Collectively, they provided people with an awareness and method to free themselves of an unimaginative, suppressed society by exploring their intellect and experiencing a life worth living. Ginsberg s Howl paved the way for an improved existence of freedom from sexual and creative repression by outlining the struggle Beat generation towards the beatific.

Events During the Cold War Essay

The Cold War was a very terrible war that started in 1945 between the United States and the Soviet Union and lasted 45 years. The Cold War got its name because both sides were too afraid to fight each other directly. They used words against each other to make the enemy look dumb and foolish. They fought through many other wars, too afraid of nuclear attacks directly hitting them. These wars caused great devastation across the globe. This war had started because the Soviet Union wanted to spread communism across the world, but America being a democracy, did not want that. The first ten years were somewhat interesting. On February 4 1945, there was a Yalta Conference, a wartime meeting between the heads of government from the United States, United Kingdom and Soviet Union, and the Cold War began. Right after that, Germany surrendered to the Red Army in Berlin. On August 6, the United States dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima and killed 80,000 people. Then three days after, the United States dropped another bomb on Nagasaki that killed 70,000. Shortly after that, the Japanese surrendered and that was the end of World War II. Winston Churchill had issued warnings about the Soviets in 1946 and first used the term â€Å"iron curtain†. This term was used to describe how the Soviets had wanted power. 1946 was also the year Josef Stalin made a very hostile speech, claiming communism and capitalism couldn’t live in peace. In June of 1947, the Marshall Plan was announced. This plan set a precedent for helping countries combat poverty, disease and malnutrition. That same year, the Rio Pact was established. This was a security zone around the hemisphere with the 19 Latin American countries. Between June 1948 and September 1949, Britain and America were struggling to keep West Berlin supplied through aircraft, since the Soviet government closed all ground traffic. That year, they made 277,000 flights to carry products. In March of 1948, Truman started a Loyalty Program which was made to catch Cold War spies. Then, in that same year the Brussels Pact was made to protect Europe from communism. In 1949, China became a communist country because Mao Zedong took over. He then established the People’s  Republic of China. In June of 1950, the Korean War started and Stalin supported North Korea and gave them Soviet weapons to invade South Korea. The war in Korea ended two years later, though. In 1951 the Federal Defense Administration was established which was a program that spread information about communism and the threat of attacks. March 1954 was when KGB (Committee for State Security) was established. KGB was the national security of the Soviet Union during the Cold War. In May of 1955 the Warsaw Pact was established. This pact was a mutual defense treaty between the eight communist states of Eastern Europe during the Cold War. During these ten years, there were a few treaties and some different experimental things done, also some different groups were made just for this one huge war. The next 10 years (1956-65) didn’t have as many exciting things happen. In 1956, there was a rebellion in Communist Hungary. Then after that in 1957, Sputnik was launched into space and Laika died in space. In 1958, Khrushchev, the leader of the Soviet Union during part of the Cold War, made the Soviet troops withdrawal from Berlin. Khrushchev then visited the United States in 1959 which caused the Kitchen Debate. This was a debate between Nixon and Khrushchev at the opening of the American National Exhibition. In 1960, the Soviets revealed that there had been a United States plane shot down over Soviet territory. This year was also the year John F. Kennedy was elected president of the United States. Cuba aligns itself with the Soviet Union and their policies that same year. The Bay of Pigs invasion happened in 1961, this invasion was by CIA trained exiles of Cuba into southern Cuba to try to overthrow the government, but it was unsuccessful. In 1962 the United States becomes more involved in the Vietnam War to keep communist takeover of South Vietnam as a strategy of containment. That was the same year of the Cuban missile crisis between the Soviet Union and Cuba and the United States, it lasted thirteen days. November of 1963 was a sad month because President Kennedy was assassinated, probably because of a conspiracy. The Gulf of Tonkin incident was in 1964 which was a confrontation between North Vietnam and the United States. In 1965 some United States marines were sent to the Dominican Republic to fight Communism. These 10 years were not very exciting but there were a few important events that changed the United States. From 1966 to 1975, not much happened. It was kind of a dull period compared to the last twenty years. In 1967 the United Stated Secretary of Defense, Robert McNamara admitted that the United States bombing raids had failed to meet their objectives. Richard Nixon was elected for president and North Korea captured U.S.S. Pueblo the year after. The USS Pueblo was a United States spy ship and it is still currently being held captive by Korea, though it is a museum now. Then, in 1969 Apollo 11 landed on the moon which had Neil Armstrong in it. He was the first person to step on the moon and it was a great accomplishment in US history. In 1970 Nixon spread the Vietnam War to Cambodia. The Pentagon papers were signed the year after in 1971. These papers were a United States history of its involvement in the Vietnam War. In 1972 not only did Nixon visit China, but SALT I (Strategic Arms Limitation Talk) was signed; this was between the two Cold War superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union on the issue of armament control. The United States supported coup overthrew the Chilean government in 1973. The year after that, Nixon resigned but since then he has been the only president to ever resign. In 1975 North Vietnam defeated South Vietnam who then fell into communism. I do not know why these ten years were so boring, but they were even though they ended in another country falling into communism. The next ten years from 1976 to 1985 were even duller than the ones before. It started off with the Soviet Union and Cuba forcing Angola to become a communist state. In 1979, SALT II was signed. This time it was just an experimental negotiation about curtailing the manufacturing of nuclear weapons. The same year SALT II was signed, the Soviet forces invaded Afghanistan and the United States and China established diplomatic relations. In 1980, Polish shipyard workers started a strike and the Solidarity Union was formed, which was the first non-communist trade union in Warsaw Pact territory, and the strike leader, Lech Walesa, was elected as the head of the Solidarity Union. Three years later, President Reagan proposed the Strategic Defense Initiative. That initiative was created to protect the United States from nuclear missile attacks. In that same year, United States troops invaded and overthrew the regime in Grenada and ended  in a victory. Mikhail Gorbachev became the leader of the Soviet Union and initiated a campaign of increased openness and transparency in government institutions called â€Å"glasnost† and a political movement within the Soviet Union called â€Å"perestroika† in 1985. As you can see, not much happened during these ten years but there were still some interesting things that happened. The last five years were when quite a few countries became independent after so long. In 1986 President Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev resolve to remove all intermediate nuclear missiles from Europe. Then in the year after that, Reagan and Gorbachev agree to remove all medium and short-range nuclear missiles. This meant that the war was coming to a close and things were becoming less violent. The Soviet groups with drawled from Afghanistan in 1989. Poland and Hungary both become independent and communist governments fall in Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, and Rumania, the Soviet empire declined in this year as well. Russia got a new president; Boris Yeltsin, in 1990 also. Another country became independent a year later, Lithuania. Germany also became reunited during this year. In 1991, the Warsaw Pact ended which meant the Cold War was over and the Soviet Union was done for, the end of it all. The Cold War was something terrible that happened between the United States and the Soviet Union for a stupid reason. It caused a lot of problems and different wars throughout the world just because they were too afraid to fight face to face but, it did not cause a huge amount of deaths. The Cold War was not really the kind of war that killed people; it was more of a war on which country could develop faster. This war could have been easily prevented but I guess some things just have to happen. A 45 year war for only one thing. Power. Works Cited â€Å"Cold War.† enotes. n.d. Web. 20 May, 2012. â€Å"Cold War Timeline.† History Timelines. n.d. Web. 20 May, 2012. Pillai, Prabhakar â€Å"Causes and Effects of the Cold War.† Buzzle. n.d. 21 May, 2012. â€Å"Timeline of the Cold War.† Think Quest. n.d. Web. 20 May 2012. Wikipedia.org.

Contingencies to Airasia’s Marketing Strategy Essay

Suggest three contingencies AirAsia should consider and rationalize your choice. What are the main modifications to the current marketing strategy should AirAsia undertake to respond to these contingencies. There are number of threats that AirAsia faces thus it should have well-prepared contingency plans in case certain situations occur. The following part focuses on analyzing three main contingencies that AirAsia should take into consideration as well as the modifications to the current marketing strategy that it would have to make to respond in case certain events occur. What if price war happens†¦Ã‚  To compete with the rivals, each airline introduced its own strategy. Famous full service carriers like Singapore Airlines and Thai Airways have set up low cost subsidiaries. Malaysia Airlines launched competitive promotion scheme while independent low-cost airlines like Valuair focused on improving customer services through offering additional benefits to customers. Obviously, the harsh competitiveness in the region strengthens the probability that price war might happen. Price war happens when almost all airline companies simultaneously start to reduce their prices and the region’s aviation industry as a whole fails to deliver profit. Price war might have a serious impact on AirAsia if it, together with other airlines in the region, starts to reduce its prices to compete. Customers now will have various choices and would be able to switch to the airlines that offer them the best price as well as best service. If price war does happen, AirAsia should make the following modification to its current strategy: Increase customer satisfaction by improving on-flight service quality as discussed in depth in the third paragraph of question one. What if customers decide to switch to other airlines†¦ Air Asia now has to face up with increasing competition not only from low cost subsidiaries of full service carries but also from the emergence of independent low cost airlines. With the increasing emergence of new airlines which provide customers with not only low fares but also â€Å"a level of service far beyond that expected†, the probability that customers switch to other airlines is very high. Recently, AirAsia has been receiving many complaints from passengers who are unsatisfied with the service quality. Focusing intensively on keeping costs low, AirAsia neglected the satisfaction and convenience of its customers. Thus, the company should consider the possibility that customers might switch to other airlines. In this case the following modifications to the strategy should be made: AirAsia should offer incentives for the customers to stay with the company by introducing frequent flyer bonus miles. To motivate customers’, AirAsia can also offer membership cards which would provide them not only with additional miles but also with regular customers’ discount on specific flights to specific destinations or at special period of time. What if AirAsia is unsuccessful in entering new markets such as China and India†¦ AirAsia is now looking for expanding routes to other countries in the region and China and India are a huge potential. However, these markets have completely different economies and therefore there is a probability that the market will not support a new airline. Also, for example, when going to China – a huge market, AirAsia needs to be ready to face tough competition. Besides good reputation in the market, well-established airlines in China such as China Airline, Cathay Pacific, etc. are offering very high quality service to customer. In addition to that in the meantime, AirAsia has to compete with many tough competitors in its local market. Thus, there is possibility that AirAsia might not take the lead when entering new markets and might not be able to reach its targets in new markets. Therefore, AirAsia should take into account the possibility of low demand and be ready to make modifications to its strategy in order to respond: The Olympic Games 2008 would be a great opportunity for AirAsia to strengthen its image in customers’ mind. To take this advantage, AirAsia should organize some activities to promote the company. Other big companies will certainly promote itself through taking part in such activities as Olympic Sponsorship, On-Air advertisement, etc. AirAsia should choose a different tactic. Instead, it can create association between AirAsia and the Olympic through programs spread via mass media such as: design logo for AirAsia used during the Olympic time or organize a lottery program the prizes of which would be Olympic tickets or flying tickets inside China. AirAsia can also use other promotion programs like offering round trip tickets flying to cities where the Games would take place at the price of 1 reminbi (Chinese currency) for the first 10 customers buying tickets at a random period of time during 6 months before the Olympics. This should help build up the demand for AirAisa’ services among the customers and enhance its position in customers’ mind. To conclude, it is important for AirAsia to be aware of all contingencies that may happen during its operations and to be ready to apply modifications to the strategy to protect itself from any possible issues that might occur. These contingencies may not come to reality but it is essential to have contingency plans and to be able to make necessary modifications to the strategy in case of the price war, or lost of the customers, or difficulties entering the new markets in order to adapt to these changes and continue to operate successfully.

French to English False Cognates

One of the great things about learning French or English is that many words have the same roots in the Romance languages and English. However, there are also a great many faux amis, or false cognates, which look similar but have different meanings. This is one of the biggest pitfalls for students of French. There are also semi-false cognates: words that can only sometimes be translated by the similar word in the other language.This alphabetical list (newest additions) includes hundreds of French-English false cognates, with explanations of what each word means and how it can be correctly translated into the other language. To avoid confusion due to the fact that some of the words are identical in the two languages, the French word is followed by (F) and the English word is followed by (E).ici (F) vs icy (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ici (F) means here.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  icy (E) means glacial, glacà ©, or verglacà ©.idà ©ologie (F) vs ideology (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  idà ©ologie (F) can refer to an ideology, but is usually used in a pejorative sense: ideology or philosophy based on sophomoric or illogical arguments.br/>  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ideology (E) une idà ©ologie.ignorant (F) vs ignorant (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ignorant (F) is a semi-false cognate. It usually means unaware of, although it can mean ignorant (E). It can also be a noun - ignoramus.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ignorant (E) has only one French equivalent - ignorant, but in English it is usually somewhat pejorative: lacking education or knowledge. The French word ignorant doesnt distinguish between unaware and uneducated.ignorer (F) vs ignore (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ignorer (F) is a semi-false cognate. It nearly always means to be ignorant (E) or unaware of something: jignore tout de cette affaire - I know nothing about this business.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ignore (E) means to deliberately not pay attention to someone or something. The usual translations are ne tenir aucun compte de, ne pas relever, and ne pas pr à ªter attention à  .impair (F) vs impair (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  impair (F) is an adjective: odd or uneven.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  impair (E) is a verb: diminuer or affaiblir.implantation (F) vs implantation (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Une implantation (F) is the introduction or setting up of a new method or industry, a settlement, or a companys presence in country/region. Medically, it means implantation (of an organ or embryo).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Implantation (E) means une implantation only in the sense of an introduction or setting up or in the medical sense.important (F) vs Important (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  important (F) has a much broader meaning that its English cognate. In addition to important in the sense of significant or authoritative, important (F) can also mean large, considerable, substantial.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  important (E) important.imposition (F) vs imposition (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  imposition (F) refers to taxation (les impà ´ts - taxes). In religion, limposition des ma ins the laying on of hands.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  imposition (E) has two distinct meanings. The imposition of something, such as a regulation, is la mise en place. In the sense of a burden, imposition cant be translated by a noun. The sentence needs to be rewritten using a verb like abuser or dà ©ranger to get the sense of imposition across.inconvà ©nient (F) vs inconvenient (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  inconvà ©nient (F) is a noun and is also  somewhat stronger than the English word inconvenient; un inconvà ©nient is a disadvantage, drawback, or risk. Les inconvà ©nients - consequences.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  inconvenient (E) is an adjective: inopportun, importun, gà ªnant, peu pratique, malcommode.inconsistant (F) vs inconsistent (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  inconsistant (F) indicates poor consistency: flimsy, weak, colorless, runny, or watery. In a more general sense, it can be translated by inconsistent.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  inconsistent (E) means lacking consistency or being erratic: incon sà ©quent, incompatible.index (F) vs index (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  index (F) can refer to the index finger, a pointer, or an alphabetical index.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  index (E) is an alphabetical index or table. When it is used in statistics, the French equivalent is une indice.infect (F) vs infect (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  infect (F) is an adjective: revolting, obnoxious, squalid, vile, horrible.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  infect (E) is a verb: infecter, contaminer.information (F) vs information (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  information (F) is a semi-false cognate. Une information refers to a single piece of information, while des informations is equivalent to the general English term information. In addition, une information can indicate an official inquiry or investigation.br/>  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  information (E) means des renseignements or informations.informatiser (F) vs inform (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  informatiser (F) to computerize.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  inform (E) can mean informer, avertir, aviser, or renseigner.ingrat (F) vs ingrate (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ingrat (F) can be an adjective - ungrateful, bleak, unreliable, or unattractive - or a noun: ingrate, ungrateful person.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ingrate (E) un ingrat.inhabità © (F) vs inhabited (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  inhabità © (F) uninhabited.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  inhabited (E) means habità ©.injure (F) vs injury (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  injure (F) is an insult or term of abuse.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  injury (E) refers to une blessure.inscription (F) vs inscription (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  inscription (F) is a true cognate in the sense of text inscriptions. However, it is also a general term for action as well as registration or enrollment.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  inscription (E) une inscription on a coin or monument, or une dà ©dicace in a book.insolation (F) vs insulation (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  insolation (F) means sunstroke or sunshine.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  insulation (E) isolation.instance (F) vs instance (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  inst ance (F) means authority, official proceedings, or insistence.br/>  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  instance (E) refers to something that is representative of a group, an example - un exemple.intà ©gral (F) vs integral (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  intà ©gral (F) means complete, unabridged, or total.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  integral (E) means intà ©grant or constituant.intà ©ressant (F) vs interesting (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  intà ©ressant (F) is a semi-false cognate. In addition to interesting, it can mean attractive, worthwhile, or favorable (e.g., a price or offer).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  interesting (E) means captivating, worth looking at, etc.intoxiquà © (F) vs intoxicated (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  intoxiquà © (F) means poisoned.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  intoxicated (E) means drunk - ivre.introduire (F) vs introduce (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  introduire (F) means to place, insert, or introduce into. It is not used in the sense of introducing one person to another.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  introduce (E) means prà ©senter .isolation (F) vs isolation (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  isolation (F) refers to insulation.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  isolation (E) equals isolement or quarantaine.inviter (F) vs invite (E)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  inviter (F) means both to invite and to treat (someone to a meal/drink).br/>  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  invite (E) inviter.